The Alpha male is physically powerful, his goal dominance through acquisition and subsequent protection. Research has shown that, regardless of cultural background, a male who exhibits the traits of strong jaw, broad chin and imposing brow will be found attractive by females. His height and weight are visual clues to his genetic background, and to the positive environmental factors of his infancy and youth ([he] towered over her). Upper body strength as evidenced by wide shoulders, deep chest and well-toned musculature, proclaim him capable of success in gain through aggressive force, self-defense or the protection of what is 'his' (broad shoulders... great hand). Trim hips and long legs show the lower body strength that allows him to travel swift and long on foot, pointers to endurance. Most of these Alpha male traits are indicative of healthy levels of the male hormone, testosterone. Among his other features, the Alpha male is a born breeder.